карпюк youth cultures The term culture can be defined as language1 A 0

Introduction 1 Chapter 1. Lexico-Semantic Characteristics of Borrowed Words in Modern English 3 1.2. The Definition of term “Borrowed Words” 7 1.2. The Types of Borrowed Words in English 11 1.1.1 Scandinavian Borrowings 11 1.2.2. French borrowings 12 1.2.3. Latin Borrowings. 14 1.2.4. Greek borrowings 16 1.3. The Criteria of Borrowings 17 Chapter II Textual Characteristics of Borrowed Words in Morden English 20 Conclusions 28 Bibliography 29 ...

Financial disasters A. In your opinion, which of The following give The best return on your money? Which are very risky? Which are less risky? B. Choose The best answer. C. Work in three groups. Each group reads a different text: eiTher The South Sea Bubble or Tulipomania or The Wall Street Crash. Make notes on The key points. The South Sea Bubble Tulipomania The Wall Street Crash D. Form new groups of three people, each of whom has read a different text. E. Discuss These questions. 1. What are The similarities and differences in The three speculations? 2. What do you think people will speculate in during The next 20 years? F. Work in groups. Find words or phrases in The texts which are similar in meaning to The definitions below. The first group to finish is The winner. South Sea Bubble Tulipomania Wall Street Crash Exercises 73.1 What single word or phrase is being, defined in each of These sentences? 73.2 Complete The missing preposition in These sentences. 73.3 Replace The underlined word(s) with anoTher word or phrase that has The same meaning. 73.4 Look at The graph and complete The sentences on The left. Each gap is one word. 73.5 Complete The compound words or common phrases. There may be more than one answer. 73.6 can you answer These questions about your own country? 1 What is The inflation rate at The moment? 2 If you borrow money from The bank, what is The interest rate approximately? 3 What is The state of The economy at The moment? Is it strong? Is it in recession? ...

ВАРІАНТ 4 І. Прочитайте й усно перекладіть весь текст. Письмово перекладіть 2, 3, 4 абзаци тексту. TINCTURES 1. Tinctures are defined as alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions prepared from animal or vegetable drugs or from chemical substances. Tinctures differ from spirits in being made usually from non-volatile bodies; The tinctures containing volatile constitutes extracted from drugs and those containing iodine are exceptions to The rule. ..... II. Згрупуйте наступні слова за частинами мови (іменники, прикметники, дієслова, прислівники). (Див. зразок виконання № І). ІП. В наступних реченнях підкресліть слова з суфіксом -ing та визначте, чи є вони Participle I, Gerund (Див. зразок виконання №2). IV. У наступних реченнях підкресліть слова з суфіксом -ed та визначить, чи є вони Participle II або підметом у Past Indefinite Tense. (Див. зразок виконання №3). V. При перекладі наступних речень зверніть увагу на особливості перекладу інфінітива. 1. These substances are not supposed to be sharply differentiated from one anoTher. VI. Підкресліть у кожному реченні дієслово-підмет та визначте його видо-часову форму та стан (див. зразок виконання № 4). 1. Flowers are collected in time of pollination. – Present Simple, Active Voice ВАРІАНТ 4 І. Прочитайте и усно перекладіть весь текст. Письмово перекладіть 1, 2, 3, 4 абзаци тексту. PHENOLS 1. Phenols are compounds in which one or more hydroxyl groups are directly united to a carbon atom of an aromatic nucleus, e.g. phenol or carbolic acid. The simpler phenols are water-soluble substances of slightly ... П Випишіть з 5-го абзацу речення, присудок якого виражено в Present Perfect Passive, перекладіть його українською мовою (див. зразок виконання № І). Gallic acid has been derived from pyrogallol. III. Враховуючи ознаки, які відрізняють герундій від дієприкметника І, виберіть речення з герундієм, визначіть його функцію (див. зразок виконання № II). 1. Going home he continued thinking about his work. IV. Зробіть письмовий переклад речень, враховуючи багатозначність займенників it, that, one. 1. Because of The partial decomposition of The carbide grey-cast iron is softer than white-cast iron, it has a higher melting point and it is much more suitable for casting. V. Зі слів, які стоять в дужках, виберіть необхідний підмет та доповніть кожне речення. 1. Great success in The field of developing new drugs makes chemistry a modern science. VI. Визначіть функції інфінітива в наступних реченнях (підмет, іменна частина підмета, частина складного дієслівного підмета, прямий та непрямий додаток, означення, обставина) (Див. зразок виконання). 1. Rjmsay and Soddy were The first to make a sensational discovery, namely, that helium is a disintegration product of radium. - частина складного ...

Exercise 3. Complete The given paragraph about yourself. Speak about your biography. MY BIOGRAPHY My name is _____. I was born in ______ in The town of ______ in a family of _______ (workers, farmers, office workers). My family is (not) large. It consists of _____ people. I have a moTher, a faTher, a sister, … My moTher’s (faTher’s, sister’s, broTher’s) name is _____. She/he is ____ years old. She/he works at a plant (factory, office). She/he is a _____ by profession. We live in a private house (modern high-rise / many-storied building). Our house / flat has ____ rooms: a dining-room/ sitting-room/ living-room/ bedroom/ nursery; and There is also a kitchen, a bathroom, a large corridor and a good balcony. There are all modern conveniences in our flat: gas, running cold and hot water and central heating. Our house/ flat is not very large but comfortable. In 19 __ I entered secondary school which I finished in 19__. (Then I worked as a worker at a big plant and served in The ranks of The army/ studied at technical school). In ____ I successfully passed my entrance exams to The National University of Food Technologies which is in 68, Volodymirska Street and now I am a first-year student of The extra-mural faculty. I major in ______. I am interested in art, literature and music. I often visit museums, Theatres, cinemas and exhibitions. I am also fond of sports, tennis and football especially. Upon graduating from The University I will work as an engineer/ production manager/ technologist/ process(ing) engineer at some enterprise of food industry. Module 2 MY NATIVE TOWN Study The vocabulary native/ home town рідне місто ancient стародавній anniversary річниця places of interest визначні місця castle замок residental area житловий масив enterprise підприємство works завод, майстерні spacious просторий mill фабрика twin-town місто-побратим settlement селище puppet Theatre ляльковий театр kindergarten дитячий садочок Exercise 1. Read and translate The following text. My native town is Grodno. It’s an ancient town. Not long ago it celebrated its 850th anniversary. The town of Grodno is situated on The river Neman. The river divides it into two parts. The older part of The town lies on The right bank of The Neman. Here you can see The old castle where kings once lived. Now it is a historic-archaeological museum. On The banks of The Neman one can also see modern apartment houses, offices and different architectural monuments. Among Them There is a 17th century Roman Catholic church. Grodno is a fast-growing town. It’s a regional centre with The population of over 250,000 people. There are some big plants here and some smaller factories. The largest enterprises are: The “Azot” Works, The Footwear Factory, The SynThetic Fibre Mill, The Fine Cloth Mill, etc. There are several residential areas in our town. Every district has schools, kindergartens, shops, everyday services. The people of Grodno are very fond of Their Zoo, The only Zoo in Belarus. Here you can see animals from all geographical regions of The world. Grodno is a big cultural centre. There are three institutions of higher education, many schools, technical colleges, some cinemas, drama and puppet Theatres. There are also many public gardens and parks There. The newly built streets are wide and specious, lined with trees and flowers. The streets of The old part of The town are not very wide, but They are clean and green. One of The main streets in Grodno is Ozheshko Street. Here one can see a small old house. It is The house where Eliza Ozheshko, a famous democratic writer, lived and worked. Now it is a museum and a memorial library of foreign literature. Not far from it There is a monument to Eliza Ozheshko. It is interesting to know that Grodno has a twin-town in France. It’s Limoges, an industrial centre with The population of about 200,000 people. Exercise 1. Read and translate The following text. National University of Food Technologies There are 111 higher educational establishments in Kyiv and among Them is The National University of Food Technologies which is in 68 Volodymyrska Street. It was founded in 1930 as The Kyiv Institute of Sugar Refinery Production and had 2 departments with 400 students. Now NUFT is The only technical university in Ukraine which provides training of highly skilled specialists in 25 specialities and 15 specializations for food, meat, dairy, pharmaceutical, microbiological and oTher branches of agro-industrial complex as well as for food machine building of Ukraine. About 10 thousand students study at The University at its full time departments as well as by correspondence. NUFT is a higher educational institution of The 4th level of accreditation. Training of students is provided at 8 departments (37 chairs). In 1998 Simpheropol Technical School of food production was incorporated to The University with a college status. The University chairs have 24 branches and 8 research and production complexes in leading enterprises, planning and research establishments. 3 research and production centres have been recently founded. Preliminary department and short-time preliminary courses of The University train entrants for higher educational institutions. The NUFT occupies 9 buildings where There are many lecture-halls, classrooms, laboratories and workshops, six computer centres with more than 30 computer classes. There is a special building for The library and reading-halls where our students usually prepare Their homework and read up for Their credits and exams. The students of The University are provided with 5 hostels, sports and recreation facilities. Our University trains specialists for various branches of food industry such as bread making, brewing, meat and dairy processing, sugar refining as well as engineers in Thermal-engineering, mechanical engineers and economists at The departments of - technology of sugary substances, - technology of fermentative and bakery production, - technology of meat and dairy production, - economics and management, - accounting, finance and entrepreneurial activity, - power engineering, - automation and computer systems, - mechanical department. Each department has its own Dean's office. During junior years our students study basic subjects such as history, maThematics, physics, chemistry, descriptive geometry, technical drawing, strength of materials, elements of machines and one of The foreign languages. During senior years our students pay more attention to The study of The subjects closely connected with Their future specialities. The study of Theory is accompanied by practical training at specially equipped labs and workshops, Then in experimental sugar refinery and later on at various enterprises of food industry. Twice a year our students take Their credits and exams. Our students do not only study, They take The most active part in doing research in The students' scientific society; They participate in social life of our University; They go in for various kinds of sport and take part in amateur art activities. The fourth year is devoted to practical training and to The work at The graduation Thesis. After successful presenting a graduation Thesis or sitting for The State exams students receive diplomas which qualify Them to work in The field for which They have been trained and are awarded a Bachelor's Degree. Those students, who want to get a Specialists or Master's Degree, continue Their studies during The fifth and sixth years. Upon graduating from our University They get appointments in every corner of our country. Wherever They work, They are promoters of modern food production and technology. Exercise 1. Read, translate and retell The text. Kyiv is The capital of Ukraine. It is a large political, industrial, scientific and cultural centre. It is The biggest city in Ukraine, its population is above 2.600.000 inhabitants. Kyiv is situated on The Dnipro, The longest river in Ukraine. The city is well known for its picturesque green hills, parks and gardens and for its Khreshchatik Street - The main thoroughfare of The city. Kyiv is a large industrial centre. Complex automatic laThes, excavators, sea and river ships, airliners, motorcycles, electric measuring instruments and many oTher goods are produced in Kyiv. New Metro lines are being built to connect industrial and new residential regions with The centre of The city. Kyiv is also a large centre of science and national Ukrainian culture. The Academy of Sciences, many research institutes, universities, technical and vocational and hundreds of general secondary schools, gymnasiums and lyceums are located in The city. The famous Kyiv Schevchenko Opera and Ballet House, The Kyiv Ivan Franko Drama Theatre, The Lesya Ukrainka Russian Drama Theatre and oTher Theatres, museums, a lot of cinemas, clubs, hundreds of libraries are also There. There are many monuments in Kyiv. Among Them The monuments to B.Khmelnitsky, T.G.Shevchenko, A.Pushkin and many oThers can be seen in The city. Speaking about Kyiv it is necessary to add that The city is famous also for its historical places. The city of Kyiv is one of The oldest cities of Europe. The history of Kyiv dates back to The end of The 5th century. And during a long period of time Kyiv was The MoTher of Russian cities, The capital of The first old Russ state or Kievan Russ. Among The historical monuments of Kyiv one can enjoy The St. Sophia CaThedral, The Golden Gates, The Kyiv-Pechersk Lavra. Ancient, yet ever young, The city of Kyiv with its wonderful buildings, straight broad streets, numerous green parks, historical and architectural monuments will always be one of The most beautiful cities of The world. ...