Lexical and grammatical transformations in translation

Lexical and grammatical transformations in translation Лексические и грамматические трансформации при переводе

INTRODUCTION 3 Chapter I. ADEQUACY OF TRANSLATION 4 1.1. TRANSLATION EQUIVALENCE 4 1.2. ASPECTS OF TRANSLATING PROCESS 10 Chapter II. TRANSLATION TRANSFORMATIONS 18 2.1. TRANSLATION TRANSFORMATIONS AT MORPHOLOGICAL LEVEL 18 2.2. GRAMMAR TRANSFORMATIONS AT SYNTACTIC LEVEL 21 Conclusions 26 Literature 28 Введение 3 Глава 1 Адекватность перевода 4 1.1. Эквивалентность перевода 4 1.2. Аспекты переводческого процеса 11 Глава 2. Трансформации при переводе. 20 2.1. Преобразования при переводе на морфологическом уровне. 20 2.2 Грамматические преобразования на синтаксическом уровне. 23 Вывод 28 Список использованной литературы 30

Лингвостилистические особенности перевода фразеологических единиц в текстах публицистического стиля Лігнвостилістичні особливості перекладу фразеологічних одиниць у текстах публіцистичного стилю Linguistic and Stylistic Pecularities of Phraseological Units Translation in Newspaper Style

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER I. THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS RESEARCH 6 1.1 The Term of Phraseological Unit 6 1.2 Structure and classification of phraseological units 11 CHAPTER II. TRANSFORMATION OF PHRASEOLOCICAL UNITS IN NEWSPAPER STYLE 22 2.1 Language peculiarities of English newspapers 22 2.2 Pecularities of phraseological units use in newspaper style and notion of transformation 26 CHAPTER III. GENERAL METHODS AND PROBLEMS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS TRANSLATION IN NEWSPAPER STYLE 34 3.1 Phraseological units in the context of translation 34 3.2 Phraseological and non-phraseological translation 42 3.4 Grammer and lexical difficulties of transformation 47 CONCLUSIONS 61 LIST OF REFERENCES 65 ANNEX 71

Translation as interlingual and intercultural communications

INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER I 7 TRANSLATION AND COMMUNICATION 7 1.1. Some principal types of translation. 7 1.2. Translation as a means of interlingual communication. 11 CHAPTER II 15 TRANSLATION AS INTERCULTURAL AND ITERLINGUAL COMMUNICATION 15 2.1. Translation as intercultural communication. 15 2.1. Translation as interlingual communication. 20 CONCLUSION 26 LITERATURE 28 ВВЕДЕНИЕ 7 ГЛАВА I 13 ПЕРЕВОД И КОММУНИКАЦИЯ 13 1.1. Некоторые основные виды перевода. 13 1.2. Перевод как средства межъязыковой коммуникации. 18 ГЛАВА II 22 ПЕРЕВОД, КАК МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНАЯ И МЕЖЪЯЗЫКОВАЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ 22 2.1. Перевод как межкультурная коммуникация. 22 2.1. Перевод как межъязыковая коммуникация. 27 ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ 33

The article. Ways of translating them into Ukrainian

Content Introduction 2 1. The Role of Article in Language 3 1.1. The notion of article 3 1.2. The Logics of the Articles 4 1.3. Definite Article the 5 1.3.1. Etymology 5 1.3.2. Usage of the definite articles 6 1.3.2. Reduction and omission 9 1.4. Indefinite Article 10 1.4.1. Juncture loss 10 1.4.2. Discrimination between a and an 11 1.5. Usage of the Articles 12 2. Ways of Translating English Articles into Ukrainian 16 2.1. Translation transformations as the means of rendering the meaning 16 2.2. The correlation of the articles functions and the type of transformation. 19 2.3. Translation of articles with the proper names. 22 Conclusions 24 List of Literature 26 Іllustrations 28 Введение 1. Роль артикля в языке 1.1. Понятие артикля 1.2. Суть артикля 1.3. Определенный артикль 1.3.1. Этимология 1.3.2. Использование определенных артиклей 1.3.2. Сокращение и опущение 1.4. Неопределенный артикль 1.4.1. Потеря связки 1.4.2. Различия между a and an 1.5. Использование артиклей 1.2. Особенности перевода английских артиклей на украинский язык Заключение

Foreign elements in the english language

INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………….3 CHAPTER 1. CAUSES AND WAYS OF BORROWING 1.1. Classification of loan words in English …………………………5 1.2. Borrowings of different historical periods ………………………8 CHAPTER 2. ASSIMILATION OF LOAN WORDS 2.1. Phonetic, grammatical and lexical assimilation of borrowings.. 14 2.2. Interrelation between native and borrowed elements ………….18 CONCLUSIONS ………………………………………………………………..21 LIST OF LITERATURE ………………………………………………………23

Ways of translating English lexically meaning of articles into Ukrainian

Foreword 3 Chapter I. ARTICLE - AS A GRAMMATICAL PHENOMENON. 5 1.1. Number and meaning of articles. 5 1.2. The use of the indefinite article a (an) 9 1.3. The use of the definite article the. 12 1.4. The use of zero article or the meaningful absence of the article 14 Chapter II. LEXICO-GRAMATICAL ASPECT OF THE TRANSLATION OF ARTICLES 17 2.1. Rendering of the contextual meaning of the definite and indefinite articles 17 2.2. Contextual meanings of the definite article. 20 2.3. Contextual meanings of the indefinite article. 22 Conclusion. 26 Literature. 28

Classification of Word Groups

Introduction 3 Chapter I. The Main Characteristics of Word-Croups 4 1.1. Structure and Classification of Word-Croup 4 1.2. Motivated and non-motivated word-groups. 5 Chapter II. Types of Meaning of Word-Croups 7 2.1. Types of Meaning of Word-Croups 7 2.2. Lexical and grammatical meaning of word-groups 8 Chapter III. Free Word-groups and Phraseological Units 12 3.1. The Main differences Between Free Word-Groups and Phraseological Units 12 3.2. Different Classifications of Phraseological Word-Groups 19 Conclusions 28 Bibliography 30

Translated of borrowings in the media (Робота написана англійською мовою: Переклад запозичень в пресі)

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER І. THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF BORROWINGS IN UKRAINIAN 5 1.1 History of borrowings in Ukrainian 5 1.2 Reasons for borrowings 12 1.3 Classification of borrowings 17 CHAPTER ІІ. WAYS OF TRANSLATION OF BORROWINGS IN MEDIA TEXTS 21 2.1 Media texts as the source for borrowings 21 2.2 Ways of translation of borrowings 26 CONCLUSIONS 34 LITERATURE 36

Types of word meaning (на 2х языках)

Introduction……………………………………………………………………. 2 Chapter 1. The word as the basic unit of language……………………………. Chapter 2. The meaning of the word ………………………………………….. 4 7 2.1. Grammatical meaning of the word…………………………………. 8 2.2. Lexical meaning of the word……………………………………….. 2.2.1. Denotational and Connotational meaning of the word …..... 2.2.2. Parf-of-Speech Meaning ………………………………….. 2.2.3. Emotive Charge …………………………………………... 2.2.4. Stylistic Reference ………………………………………... 2.2.5. Emotive Charge and Stylistic Reference …………………. Chapter 3. Word meaning and motivation …………………………………… Chapter 4. Word meaning and morphemes …………………………………... 9 10 10 11 12 14 15 19 Conclusions …………………………………………………………………… 22 References …………………………………………………………………….. 24 Введение ……………………………………………………………………. 2 Глава 1. Слово как основная единица языка ………………………………. Глава 2. Значение слова ………….………………………………………….. 4 7 2.1. Грамматическое значение слова ………………………………. 9 2.2. Лексическое значение слова ………………………………….. 2.2.1. Денотативное и коннотативное значение слова ……... 2.2.2. Значение «части речи»………………………………….. 2.2.3. Эмоциональная окраска ………………………………... 2.2.4. Стилистическая ценность ..…………………………….. 2.2.5. Эмоциональная окраска и стилистическая связь ….…. Глава 3. Значение слова и мотивация …………………………………… Глава 4. Значение слова и морфемы ...…………………………………... 9 11 11 12 13 15 16 20 Выводы…..…………………………………………………………………… 23 Список использованной литературы …………………………………….. 25

Типологічна характеристика дієслова

INTODUCTION 3 Part 1. NOTION OF THE ENGLISH VERB 5 1.1 Verb as a part of speech in English ……………………………………...5 1.2. Grammatical categories of the modern English verb 6 Part 2. VERB CLASSES IN MODERN ENGLISH 8 2.1. Structural types of the English verbs 8 2.2. Functional types of the English verb 10 2.3. Classes of notional verbs 12 2.3.1. Types of verbs according to the subject-predicate relations 12 2.3.2. Aspective types of the English verbs 14 2.3.3. Distributional verbal types 16 2.4. Problem of allocating the verbs to the definite classes 19 CONCLUSIONS 21 BIBLIOGRAPHY 23 Subject of the present investigation is the English verb. Object is its typological classes Goal of this paper is to investigate the main typological classes of the English verb and to distinguish their peculiarities. This goal led to solving the number of definite tasks: - to define the verb as part of speech; - to describe it from the point of view of its categories; - to distinguish its formal, semantic and functional types in the English language; - to analyze their typical features. Our course paper consists of an introduction, two main parts with subparts, conclusions and bibliography. The introduction defines the topicality of the research, subject and object, formulates its goal and tasks. The first part – “Notion of the English verb” – provides the main notions about the verb, defines it as a part of speech and reviews its categorical characteristics. The second part – “Verb classes in modern English” deals with the typological classification of English verbs form the point of view of their form, morphological structure, semantics, lexical meaning and function The conclusions infer certain final results of the research.

Тема: Lexical and grammatical transformations in translation

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Lexical and grammatical transformations in translation

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